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1.Sorbic acid is a naturally occurring organic compound that acts as a widely used food preservative . It has the chemical formula CH₃(CH)₄CO₂H and the structure H₃C−CH=CH−CH=CH−COH. It appears as a colorless solid that is slightly soluble in water and sublimes readily, meaning it changes from a solid to a gas without passing through a liquid state.

Sorbic acid was first isolated from the unripe berries of the mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia), hence its name. It is also produced synthetically.

Properties and uses of Sorbic Acid :

Sorbic acid, with a pKa of 4.76, is about as acidic as acetic acid (vinegar). Sorbic acid itself and its salts, especially potassium sorbate and calcium sorbate, are antimicrobial agents, meaning they can kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. This property makes them ideal for use as preservatives in food and drinks, preventing the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi.
In general, the salts of sorbic acid are preferred over the acid form because they are more soluble in water. However, the acid form is the more active agent against microbes. The optimal pH for the antimicrobial activity of sorbates is below pH 6.5. Sorbates are generally used at concentrations of 0.025% to 0.10% in food.

Sorbic acid is generally safe to handle, but it's important to take precautions to avoid irritation and inhalation, especially when dealing with it in its dry powder form. Here are some key points for safe handling:

Minimize dust: Avoid creating dust clouds when handling sorbic acid powder. Use appropriate ventilation to control dust levels and wear a respirator if dust is unavoidable
Wear protective clothing: Wear safety goggles, chemical-resistant gloves, and protective clothing to prevent skin contact .
Avoid contact: Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling sorbic acid.
Good ventilation: Ensure there's adequate ventilation in the workspace to avoid inhaling sorbic acid dust or vapors.

Sorbic acid, also known as 2,4-hexadienoic acid, is a naturally occurring chemical molecule that is employed as a food preservative. Its chemical formula is CH 3(CH) 4CO 2H, and its structure is H 3CCH=CHCH=CHC(=O)OH. It's a colourless solid that's mildly soluble in water and easily sublimes.